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[Objective] To investigate the expression of microRNA-200c (miR-200c) in colorectal carcinomas (CRC),and analyze its role on tumor cell migration and invasion.[Methods] The expression levels of miR-200c in CRC tissues and adjacent normal mucosa were assessed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).miR-200c mimics were transiently transfected into human colorectal cancer cells,and their roles on cell migration and invasion were analyzed by Transwell assay.Cell proliferation was measured using the Cell Counting kit-8.The expression levels of epithelial and mesenchymal markers as well as related transcription factor ZEB1 were detected by Western blotting.[Results] Lower miR-200c expression was found in primary CRC tissues with lymph node metastasis compared to those without lymph node metastasis and adjacent normal mucosa.Transfection of miR-200c mimics suppressed proliferation,and reduced invasion and migration in SW620 cells.Furthermore,up-regulation of miR-200c inhibited ZEB1,and resulted in increased E-cadherin and reduced Vimentin gene expression.[Conclusion] miR-200c was associated with invasive and metastatic behavior of CRC.These effects may be mediated through regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for early colorectal carcinoma and its precancerous lesions. Methods The clinical pathologi-cal characteristics,en bloc resection rate,curative resection rate,complications and follow-up results of 21 pa-tients with early colorectal carcinoma or precancerous lesions,who were treated by ESD,were retrospectively analyzed. Results Most lesions were located in left colon,which accounted for 80. 9%(17/ 21).The most com-mon macroscopic morphology(TypeⅠ)was protrusion type(61. 9%,13/ 21),while flat type was the least (14. 3%,3/ 21). The mean procedure time was 79(35-120)min. The en blot resection rate was 100. 0%(21/ 21),and curative resection rate was 85. 7%(18/ 21). Postoperative hemorrhage occurred in 1 patient (4. 7%,1/ 21)and postoperative infection occurred in 1(4. 7%,1/ 21)and no perforation was recorded. Tubu-lar adenoma with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(LGIEN)was the most occurence(33. 3%,7/ 21),villous adenoma with LGIEN was the least(4. 7%,1/ 21). No local recurrence or metastasis was observed during follow-up of 3-20 months. Conclusion ESD is safe,effective,minimal invasive for early colorectal carcinoma and its precancerous lesions,with optimistic prospect of clinical application.
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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the demographic pattern, incidence, and histological characteristics of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) in very young adults diagnosed in the center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrieved and reviewed slides and data pertaining to all the cases of CRCs and “segregated into decade wise age‑groups” from the archives of Department of Pathology. Patients with age ≤20 years diagnosed during the last 8 years (2006–2013) were further evaluated. RESULTS: Totally, 590 cases of CRCs diagnosed over last 8‑year period, of which 4.2% (25 cases) presented in the study group (age ≤20 years) with a mean age of 17 years. About 50% of the tumors were either signet ring cell, mucin‑secreting or poorly differentiated carcinomas. Four cases occurred in a background of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), three of which showed high‑grade dysplasia, while in one case, carcinoma‑in‑situ was diagnosed. In all but two cases, rectum was the site of involvement except FAP cases in which colorectal location was noted. CRCs show a sharp rise in earlier age onset (≤40 years) and an increasing trend was followed in patients between age groups third, fourth, and fifth decades of life over the last 8 years. CONCLUSION: Colorectal carcinomas show an increasing trend in young age (≤40 years). This change may be attributed to dietary, lifestyle changes, and newer genetic alterations in developing countries. In very young age group (≤20 years), a higher grade and stage at the time of diagnosis and predominantly rectal involvements are the distinct features.
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The frequency of multiple synchronous carcinomas of the colon and rectum have varied in different reports from 3~4% to more than 10% of all tumors of the large bowel. Especially, the frequency is higher in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) patients. There are a few reported cases of five simultaneous cancers in a patient at the same time. We report here on a case of five synchronous cancers arising from the terminal ileum and colon in a patient with a strong familial tendency for colon cancer. The patient was a 43-year-old-female who presented with intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea for one month. Colonoscopic examination revealed four adenocarcinomas at the proximal ascending, the proximal transverse, the distal descending and the sigmoid colon; the cancer in the sigmoid colon was at 30 cm above the anal verge. During the operation, another 3 cm sized ulcerative lesion was noted at the terminal ileum. Total colectomy, including the lesion of the terminal ileum, and ileorectal anastomosis were performed. Histologic evaluation revealed that all those lesions were adenocarcinomas invading the pericolic fat and three out of 126 lymph nodes were invaded by the cancer cells. It was a MSI-high cancer; 5 markers of MSI (BAT25, BAT26, D5S346, D17S250 and D2S123) were all unstable. We revealed a point mutation of the 67th base (GaT) of the 1st exon of hMLH1.
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Humans , Abdominal Pain , Adenocarcinoma , Colectomy , Colon , Colon, Sigmoid , Colonic Neoplasms , Colorectal Neoplasms , Diarrhea , Exons , Ileum , Lymph Nodes , Point Mutation , Rectum , UlcerABSTRACT
Objective To identify the role of survivin gene in colorectal carcinogenesis.Methods Using immunohistochemical method,expression of survivin gene were detected in colorectal mucosal tissues.Results Expression rates of survivin in four tissues were 62.5%,17.2%,0 and 0.there were significant differences between them(P0.05).Conclusion Survivin may play an important role in onset and progression of colorectal cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the diagnosis and treatment principles of multiple primary colorectal carcinoma(MPCC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was made on 63 patients with MPCC admitted from January 1993 to January 2007 in our hospital. Results:The incidence of MPCC was 2.1%(63/3 021) with 31 cases being synchronous carcinoma(SC) and 32 cases diagnosed as metachronous carcinoma(MC). Male to female ratio was 2.5:1.Most tumors were located in rectum and sigmoid colon.A total of 34 cases(54.0%) were diagnosed by fiberoptic colonoscopy before operation.The diagnosis rate of SC by fiberoptic colonoscopy before operation and during operative exploration were all 38.7%(12 cases). The diagnosis rate of MC by fiberoptic colonoscopy before operation and during operative exploration were 68.7%(22 cases) and 6.25%(2 cases) respectively.The overall 5-year survival rate of the patients in SC was 45%(9/20),the overall 5-year survival rate of the patients in MC after the first operation was 72.4%(21/29). Conclusion:Clinician should improve the recognition of MPCC.Patients with colorectal carcinoma should undergo routine fibercolonscopy and standard radical excision. Periodic follow-up for the high-risk group should be highlighted.
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Objective To study the significance of ?-catenin expression in human gastric carcinomas, colorectal carcinomas and human hepatic carcinomas.Methods S-P immunohistochemical method was used to detect ?-catenin expression in 80 cases of human carcinomas of alimentary system and corresponding tumor-adjacent normal tissues by ?-catenin polyclonal antibody. The results were analyzed using densitometrically semiquantitated .Results ?-catenin were normally expressed in all tumor-adjacent normal tissues of digestive system. ?-catenin expression was reduced or negative in human carcinomas of alimentary system (P
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Mutations in the p53 gene occur during the development of colorectal carcinomas, and play an important role in the conversion of adenoma into carcinoma. To detect the p53 gene mutation and its pattern of expression in colorectal carcinomas, polymerase chain reaction for exons 5, 6, 7, and 8, recombinant gene cloning, and automated DNA sequencing were performed with 30 fresh colorectal carcinomas. Each tissue was also analyzed by immunohistochemical staining for p53 protein. p53 protein was detected in 25 of 30 (83.3%) colorectal carcinomas by immunohistochemical study. p53 mutation was detected in 4 of 30 (13.3%) colorectal carcinomas. The distribution of these mutations among these exons investigated was as follows: Three mutations in exon 5 (66.7%) and 1 mutation in exon 7 (33.3%). One case with mutation in exon 5 had mutations at three different codons. Mutations in exon 5 were found at codon 153 (GGG to AGG: Gly to Arg), 170 (TGC to GGC: Cys to Gly), 186 (CTA to TTA: silent mutation), 158 (GCG to ACG: Ala to Thr), and 176 (ACG to ATG: Thr to Met). Mutation in exon 7 was found at codon 248 (AGG to AGA: silent mutation). Four of them were missense mutations. Two of 6 mutations were silent mutations. Five transition mutations and 1 transversion mutation were also detected. All cases with mutations by automated DNA sequencing showed positive p53 protein immunohistochemical stainining. In conclusion, p53 gene mutation was detected in 4 of 30 (13.3%) colorectal carcinomas, located in codon 153, 158, 170, 176, and 186 of exon 5 and codon 248 of exon 7. Further studies are needed to evaluate the significance of the codon 153 mutation which was not recognized in other studies on colorectal carcinomas.
Subject(s)
Adenoma , Clone Cells , Cloning, Organism , Codon , Colorectal Neoplasms , DNA , Exons , Genes, p53 , Mutation, Missense , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the role and clinical significance of estrogen in the proliferation of colorectal carcinomas (CC). Methods The estrogen receptor (ER) expression and the Cyclin D 1 expression were quantitatively determined by flow cytometry in 30 cases of CC and 10 cases of normal colorectal tissues (NCT). Meanwhile, the expressions of ER and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein were exa mined immunohistochemically in the same cases. Results FCM analysis showed that the ER expression in CC (1.36?0.32) was significantly stronger than that in NCT(1.00?0.05, P
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Objective To evaluate the ability of virtual CT colonoscopy to detect colorectal proliferative lesions in endoscopically proven patients and its clinical application prospects. Methods Virtual colonoscopy was performed using thin section helical computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis in 23 patients with conventional colonoscopic findings suggestive of abnormalities within 1 hour. The data from CT scanning was processed by computer with specific commercial software, two and three dimensional reconstruction was subsequently made. Results The diagnosis of colorectal carcinomas was made on virtual colonoscopy in 21 cases, among which 20 cases were endoscopically diagnosed as cancers and 1 case was found sigmoid stricture of unknown causes, that was finally confirmed surgically and pathologically. All polyps greater than 11 mm were identified both by conventional endoscopy and virtual colonoscopy. 19 polyps with size of 6～10 mm were detected on virtual colonoscopy, the location and size of 13 polyps were in accordance with those of endoscopic findings, 2 false positive polyps were reported in 6 newly detected polyps. Virtual colonoscopy correctly localized all 21 cancers, compared with 18 using conventional colonoscopy. Conclusion Virtual colonoscopy is a valuable clinical method in diagnosis of colorectal cancers and polyps with size larger than 6 mm, and it is a good indication for colonic stricture and colonoscopy intolerable patients.